TREATMENT FOR GINGIVAL OVERGROWTH

GINGIVAL OVERGROWTH

Gingival enlargement or overgrowth is an increase in the size of the gums .it is a common feature of gingival disease. Gingival enlargement can be caused by a number of various stimuli, for example, people under orthodontic treatment with poor oral hygiene maintenance can develop gingival overgrowth due to plaque as a stimuli. People taking antihypertensive drugs, drugs for epilepsy etc can cause gingival overgrowth, "treatment is based on an understanding of the cause and underlying pathologic changes.

 

Inflammatory enlargement 

Inflammatory enlargement is the most common cause of gingival enlargement. The gums appear  red, swollen, soft and discoloured. This is due to stasis of blood and fluid in the tissue spaces which is caused by prolonged exposure to bacterial plaque.

 

Drug-induced enlargement 

Drugs which cause enlargement of gums includes

• Anticonvulsants (such as phenytoin, phenobarbital, lamotrigine, valproate, ethosuximide, topiramate and primidone)
• calcium channel blockers, such as nifedipine, amlodipine and verapamil. The dihydropyridine derivative isradipidine can replace nifedipine and does not induce gingival overgrowth.
• Immunosuppresant like cyclosporins. 

Systemic factors that induce enlargement includes

Pregnancy

Puberty

Vitamin C deficiency

Systemic diseases like: Leukemia, neoplasms can also cause enlargement.

False enlargement 

when there is an underlying bony or dental tissue lesion it can be shown as gingival enlargement.

TREATMENT FOR GINGIVAL OVERGROWTH- LASER

LASER is chosen as the latest treatment method because it has photothermal, chemical and plasma mediated effects. LASERs have an advantage over all the conventional techniques by accomplishing removal of the soft tissue and producing a favourable environment for healing. LASERs have potential advantage of bactericidal, detoxifying effect. Diode lasers have been used in a variety of soft tissue surgical procedures and have many advantages such as less pain, bleeding, scar formation and infection. Less postoperative swelling and pain is another advantage of lasers which most likely correlates with decreased tissue trauma and an alteration of neural transmission.

Laser application for excising oral hyperplastic lesions shows some advantages such as less bleeding that is suitable for surgical treatment that are suitable for oral mucosal lesions which are rich in blood vessels.

visit us at:

 http://www.chinthamanilaserdentalclinic.com/

email us at:

 dr_mrgvl@ahoo.co.in

chinthamanidental@gmail.com

Oral signs and symptoms in Diabetes

Oral manifestations of diabetes mellitus

The common oral manifestations of diabetes include the following: gingivitis; periodontal disease; multiple periodontal abscesses, xerostomia and salivary gland dysfunction; recurring bacterial, viral and fungal (Candida) infections; dental caries; periapical abscesses; loss of teeth; delayed wound healing; burning mouth syndrome; taste impairment; and oral lichen planus.

Gingivitis and periodontitis: Poor glycemic control has been associated with the incidence and progression of gingivitis, periodontitis and alveolar bone loss. Common signs being bleeding gums,presence of multiple abscesses, mobility of teeth, bad taste, receding gingiva exposing roots of the teeth, migration of teeth from their original position and development of spacing between teeth.

                                  

Xerostomia : People with diabetes have been reported to complain of dry mouth, or xerostomia. The cause is unknown, but may be related to polyuria or to alterations in the basement membranes of salivary glands. Xerostomia can lead to further complications like increased caries and oral candidiasis.

                                   

Oral infections: Another manifestation of diabetes and an oral sign of systemic immune suppression is the presence of opportunistic infections, such as oral candidiasis. Candida pseudohyphae, a cardinal sign of oral Candida infection, can be easily identified in patient mouth. It usually appears as which curd like deposit on the oral mucosal surface which can be easily removed from the underlying surface.

                                        

Dental caries and periapical pathologies: Dental caries is more prevalent in Diabetics, due to the presence of Xerostomia, decreased salivary secretion will reduce the flushing of food particles which will tend to be sticking to the teeth and be a source of medium for the oral mbacteria to thrive. the untreated caries can further lead to more infection and periapical pathologies/ infection upto and beyond the apex of the teeth and lead to cellulitis.

                                                 

Neurosensory disorders: Patients with diabetes have reported increased complaints of glossodynia and stomatopyrosis. A poorly understood orofacial neurosensory disorder called burning mouth syndrome has been allied with diabetes mellitus. Long-lasting oral dysesthesias experienced by patient could adversely affect oral hygiene maintenance.

Oral mucosal diseases: Greater prevalences of lichen planus and recurrent aphthous stomatitis in diabetic patients. They may be due to chronic immune suppression.

Halitosis/bad breath: Diabetic patient may also present with halitosis because of the xerostomia in controlled diabetics and acetonic breath in the uncontrolled diabetics. Halitosis in such patients can be controlled and treated.

Contact Us: +91 44 43800059

                   +91 9283786776

Email Id: chinthamanidental@gmail.com

Website: www.chinthamanilaserdentalclinic.com